Where Is It: The Park is over 300 miles north of Anchorage. You can drive part of the way … take a 91-mile road from the George Parks Highway to the mining camp of Kantishna. The road is largely unpaved. Only the first 15 miles are available to private vehicles. After that, you must use a bus service … 6 hours to Wonder Lake, or 4 hours to the Eielson Visitor Center.
The Birth: From the Park’s website:
Denali, the “High One,” is the name Athabascan native people gave the massive peak that crowns the 600-mile-long Alaska Range. Denali is also the name of an immense national park and preserve created from the former Mount McKinley National Park. In 1917 Mount McKinley National Park was established as a game refuge. The park and the massif including North America’s highest peak were named for former senator – later President – William McKinley. In 1980, the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) enlarged the boundary by 4 million acres and redesignated it as Denali National Park and Preserve. It exemplifies interior Alaska’s character as one of the world’s last great frontiers, its wilderness is largely unspoiled.
Controversy: From Wikipedia:
The name of Mount McKinley National Park was subject to local criticism from the beginning of the park. The word “Denali” means “the high one” in the native Athabaskan language and refers to the mountain itself. The mountain was named after newly elected US president William McKinley in 1897 by local prospector William A. Dickey. In 1980, Mount McKinley National Park was combined with Denali National Monument. At that time the Alaska Board of Geographic Names changed the name of the mountain back to “Denali,” even though the U.S. Board of Geographic Names maintains “McKinley”. Alaskans tend to use “Denali” and rely on context to distinguish between the park and the mountain.
It Happened Here: There was a massive mudslide in November 2013, that covered the park road near mile 38 with mud up to 35′ deep. From National Park Traveler:
Blocks of permafrost-frozen, unconsolidated debris as thick as 15’ and the size of a small cabin had slid on a slippery, unfrozen clay that acted as the failure plane. With winter snows held off by unseasonably warm weather, the Denali road crew managed to clear the road of debris after considerable effort.
Size: 6,075,029 acres, of which 4,724,735.16 acres are federally owned. The national preserve is 1,334,200 acres, of which 1,304,132 acres are federally owned. On December 2, 1980, a 2,146,580 acre Denali Wilderness was established within the park.
# Visitors: 388,433 in 2012. August was the most attended; February was the least attended.
Plants: This subarctic wilderness is home to more than 1,500 species of vascular plants, mosses and lichens.
Animals: From the Park’s website:
Animal life and activity in Denali is dictated by the seasons. Winter is the longest season and the animals that are year-round residents are well-adapted to life in the subarctic. The brief spring season brings the return of 80% of Denali’s bird life, the waking of hibernating bears, and an increase in activity levels of wildlife. Summer is a time for raising young and preparing for migration, hibernation, or survival during the winter. Summer also brings hordes of insects, including mosquitoes. In late summer king and chum salmon run in the multitude of streams and rivers. In autumn, migrating birds fill the skies and bull moose gather their harems of cows for the mating season.
Year-round residents include all the mammals, fish, about 18 species of birds, and the one lone amphibian, the wood frog.
Choices: From Gorp.com:
- Overnight backpacking is a popular activity for wilderness trekking enthusiasts. Backcountry stays in Denali National Park require a free backcountry permit available at the visitor center during the summer months and at park headquarters during the winter months. Most areas require the use of Bear Resistant Food Containers, distributed free of charge with your backcountry permit. Bear encounters are fairly common, so learn how to handle them ahead of time.
- The most challenging peak to summit in the United States is Denali (formerly known as Mount McKinley). With a summit of 20,320 feet, temperatures known to fall below minus 40 degrees Fahrenheit, and 95-mile-per-hour winds, summiting Denali is for expert mountaineers only.
- To access day hikes (and scout longer backpacking adventures) in Denali, follow the park road. Take a shuttle bus, get off at an interesting location, and hike from there. When you feel you’ve gone far enough, turn back and either wait for the next shuttle bus or walk along the road until the next bus comes.
Fees: The park entrance fee is $10.00 per person (youth age 15 years or younger are free). This fee provides the visitor a 7-day entrance permit.
Staying There: Inside the Park, there is lodging at Camp Denali, Kantishna Roadhouse and Northface Lodge.
Contact Info:
P.O. Box 9
Denali Park, AK 99755-0009
Current Issues: The wolf population in the Park is dropping, resulting in fewer wolf viewing opportunities for Park visitors. Perhaps that is due to hunting of wolves in properties adjacent to the Park, but that has not been verified by NPS staff. Here are the stats, from National Park Traveler:
According to the park’s wolf viewing report, this past summer marked the third consecutive year that researchers “found that visitors traveling in buses on the Denali Park Road have had significantly declining opportunities to see wolves. In a random sample of 80 bus trips this summer, wolves were seen on three occasions, or about 4 percent of the trips. By contrast, in the three previous years the percentages were 12 percent (2012), 21 percent (2011) and 44 percent (2010).”
The Northern Lights, or aurora borealis, put on a spectacular show over the Park in September 2013. Tweeted by the US Department of the Interior, 9/12/13.
Ever wonder what an open river looks like at 35 below zero? Here is the Nenana River in Denali National Park in December. Tweeted by the US Department of the Interior, 12/18/13.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
From the Park’s Facebook page.
A young spruce grouse stands by the side of the park road in Igloo Forest. The spruce grouse is one of 170 different species of birds that have been sighted in the park and is one of the few that spends the winter here. Photo by Daniel A. Leifheit. From the Park’s Facebook page.
Northern goldenrod, near Wonder Lake. From the Park’s Facebook page.
A collared pika sits next to a wildflower in Tattler Creek. Pika’s are members of the same family as rabbits and hares and are sometimes referred to as rock rabbits. Photo by Daniel A. Leifheit. From the Park’s Facebook page.
Caribou. From the Park’s Facebook page.
A grizzly bear wanders the tundra near Eielson Visitor Center. NPS Photo/Daniel A. Leifheit. From the Park’s Facebook page.
A hoary marmot. From the Park’s website.
From the Park’s website.
An arctic ground squirrel. Photo by: NPS Photo / Nathan Kostegian An arctic ground squirrel, one of the far north’s true hibernators, standing up to get a better view around it. From the Park’s website.
Photo by: NPS Photo / Nathan Kostegian Moose feed off the vegetation found in shallow ponds and lakes in Denali. From the Park’s website.
From the Park’s website. Photo by: NPS Photo / Nathan Kostegian.
From the Park’s website. Photo by: NPS Photo / Nathan Kostegian. Red foxes can be a variety of colors, from pure black to deep red. Red foxes with a blend of colors, like this one, are sometimes called “cross foxes.”
From the Park’s website. West Buttress of Mt. McKinley.
From the Park’s website. Mt. Hunter.
From the Park’s website. View from the Savage River Bridge- September 2010.
From the Park’s website. Photo by: Courtesy Russell Blakeley Reflection Pond, near Wonder Lake and the western end of the Denali Park Road, is a particularly scenic spot.
A faint showing of the northern lights graced the night sky during the weekend of 1/25/14. Posted on Tumblr on US Department of the Interior 1/27/14. Photo by Daniel A. Leifheit
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National Park Service: Denali National Park & Preserve
Terra Galleria: Denali
Denali Repeat Photos
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1900 reelection poster celebrates McKinley standing tall on the gold standard with support from soldiers, sailors, businessmen, factory workers and professionals.
William McKinley (1843 – 1901)
The 25th President of the United States, 1897 – 1901
AKA: the Napoleon of Protection
From: Ohio
College: Allegheny College, Albany Law School
Married to: Ida Saxton
Children: Katherine, Ida
Party: Republican
Previous Jobs: postal clerk, teacher, militiaman, Major in the Union Army, lawyer, prosecuting attorney, US Congressman, Governor,
In His Words: “Our earnest prayer is that God will graciously vouchsafe prosperity, happiness, and peace to all our neighbors, and like blessings to all the peoples and powers of earth.”
“War should never be entered upon until every agency of peace has failed.”
“Illiteracy must be banished from the land if we shall attain that high destiny as the foremost of the enlightened nations of the world which, under Providence, we ought to achieve.”
“We need Hawaii just as much and a good deal more than we did California. It is manifest destiny.”
“Without competition we would be clinging to the clumsy antiquated processes of farming and manufacture and the methods of business of long ago, and the twentieth would be no further advanced than the eighteenth century.”
Not true: Some would have you believe that McKinley lied in order for us to attack Cuba, launching the Spanish American War. However, there simply is no persuasive proof that this is true.
It’s certainly true that McKinley inherited a volatile situation with Spain. The repressive rule of Spain had led Cuba into open revolt. Some Americans were fighting alongside the Cubans after Spain put 300,000 Cubans into internment camps. Americans with Cuban investments pushed the government for action, and eventually McKinley sent the battleship Maine into Havana’s harbor. And then, on February 15, 1898, the ship blew up, killing 266 US sailors. Americans rallied around the flag, and the US Congress approved McKinley’s request for $50,000,000 in defense spending. War became inevitable.
But why did the ship blow up? We’ll never really know. Certainly in 1898, there were no scientific facts, there was only the actual event of American deaths while trying to quell an armed revolt just 90 miles from our shore.
The initial US Navy investigation blamed a mine that exploded, igniting the ship’s powder magazines. In 1974, Admiral Rickover had his staff look at the historical records, and they decided there was an internal explosion. National Geographic conducted another study in 1999 using computer modeling, and they concluded no definitive cause could be proved. So what happened? We don’t know. Did McKinley lie to start a war? No, but he did react to the ship’s sinking, and took the country into the 100-day Spanish American War
True: Guam, Hawaii and Puerto Rico all became part of the United States during the McKinley administrations. Cuba and the Philippines were also won in the Spanish American War, but granted independence soon after.
McKinley’s picture is on the $500 bill.
He was the last President to have served in the Union Army during the Civil War. He enlisted as a private, but ended as a brevet major.
His term as President was a prosperous one for the country.
The Official Portrait: August Benziger painted the official White House Portrait of McKinley. The President sat for the painting for several mornings at 8am, eventually taking to dictating his correspondence while Benziger sketched away. Over the course of several sittings, the painter experienced the personality of the President, which came through in the final work. 
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The Spanish American War
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Where Is It: The Park is over 300 miles north of Anchorage. You can drive part of the way … take a 91-mile road from the George Parks Highway to the mining camp of Kantishna. The road is largely unpaved. Only the first 15 miles are available to private vehicles. After that, you must use a bus service … 6 hours to Wonder Lake, or 4 hours to the Eielson Visitor Center.
